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Make toffee

Instructions

There is a myriad of toffee recipes, here’s just one. The experiment is similar to growing salt crystals, except the supersaturated sugar solution is hot, so have an adult handy.

1. Carefully heat the water & vinegar in the saucepan.

2. Add the food colouring and sugar and stir constantly, slowly dissolving the sugar and bringing to the boil. Allow to simmer for 10 minutes - checking in frequently to avoid burning or overflowing.

3. With an adult, carefully pour the mixture into the cupcake papers and place a string in each of the mixtures.

You will need:

A saucepan and cupcake papers
Sugar 250g
Butter 10g
Water 3 teaspoons
Vinegar 2 teaspoons

Food colouring

String or a seed crystal

Toffee is made from a supersaturated solution of sugar and water. Sugar is dissolved in heated water. When it cools, the sugar crystallises. Seed crystals or a rough string help the crystals nucleate and start to grow – crystals growing from molten rock in a magma chamber work on the same principle. 
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